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1 νίκη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `victory, upper hand', in a battle, in a contest, before court etc. (Il.), personif. Νίκη `the Goddess of Victory' (Hes.).Other forms: Dor. νίκα.Compounds: Compp., e.g. νικη-φόρος (Dor. -ᾱ-) `carry away victory' (Pi., A.), νικό-βουλος `who wins in the council' (Ar. Eq. 615; hidden PN, connected with νικάω), φιλό-νικος `loving victory, emulating, pugnaceous' with - ία, - έω (Pi., Democr., Att.), often written with - ει- and associated with νεῖκος; Όλυμπιο-νίκης, Dor. - ας m. `Olympia-victor' (Pi., IA.; on the stemformation Schwyzer 451); many PN, e.g. Νικό-δημος, Ίππό-νικος.Derivatives: 1. From Νίκη: νικάς, - άδος f., νικ-άδιον, - ίδιον `(small) Nike-statue' (inscr.); 2. Adj. νικαῖος `belonging to victory' (Call., J.), νικάεις `rich in victory\/ies' (AP); to νικη-τήριος, - τικός below. -- Besides, prob. as denomin., νικάω, Ion. νικέω, Aeol. νίκημι, aor. νικῆσαι, pass. νικ-ηθῆναι, fut. - ήσω (all Il.), perf. νενίκηκα (Att.), rarely with prefixes, e.g. ἐκ-, κατα-, προ-, `vanquish, overcome, conquer'; on the ep. use of νίκη, νικάω Trümpy Fachausdrücke 192 ff. From νικάω: 1. νικάτωρ, - ορος m. `victor', surn. of the kings Seleukos and Demetrios of Syria (hell. inscr.) with νικατόρειον `tomb of Νικάτωρ' (App.), also PN with the patron. Νικατορίδας (Rhodos; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 163 A. 1), νικήτωρ `id.' (D. C.). -- 2. νικατήρ, - ῆρος m. `victor' (Dreros III--IIa), νικητής m. `id.' (III--IVp). -- 3. νίκημα (Dor. -ᾱ-) n. `prize of victory, victory' (hell., Crete). -- 4. νίκαθρον n. `offer(ing) for victory' (Sparta), νίκαστρον n. `prize of victory' (Phot., H.); on the formation Chantraine Form. 373 und 333 f. --5. νικητήριος, n. - ον `belonging to victory, prize of v.' (Att.) and νικητικός `what helps for victory' (X., hell.), both also connected to νίκη.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: An innovation for νίκη is νῖκος n. (hell.), after κάτος (Fraenkel Glotta 4, 39ff., Wackernagel Unt. 81 f.). --Unclear νικάριον n. name of an eyesalve (Alex. Trall.); Anatolian? cf. Neumann Heth. u. luw. Sprachgut 100; cf. on νεκταρ. There is no convincing etymology. After Brugmann RhM 43, 403 a. Osthoff MU 4, 223 f. to Skt. nīca- `directed downwards', OCS nicь `directed forward, on the face', Latv. nīcām `down the stream' etc. Rejected by J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 395 n. 1 (S. 396), who prefers connecting Lith. ap-nìkti `attack'; νίκη would be cognate with νεῖκος (s.v. with further forms); IE nēik-, nī̆k-?. Pre-Greek origin Sittig La nouvelle Clio (Brusssels) 3 (1951), 33; not in Fur.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νίκη
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2 νῖκος
νῖκος, ους, τό (Manetho, Apot. 1, 358; Orph., Argon. 587; Polemo 1, 12 p. 6, 16; Vett. Val. 358, 5; IG XII/5, 764, 2; BGU 1002, 14 [55 B.C.]; LXX; SibOr 14, 334; 339; Lob. on Phryn. p. 647) late form for ἡ νίκη (JWackernagel, Hellenistica 1907, 26f; EFraenkel, Glotta 4, 1913, 39ff; B-D-F §51, 1; Mlt-H. 126; 381).① victory ποῦ σου θάνατε τὸ ν.; where, O Death, is your victory? 1 Cor 15:55a (after Hos 13:14, where our LXX mss. read ποῦ ἡ δίκη σου, θ. [s. WDittmar, V.T. in Novo 1903, 217 and s. on κέντρον 1], but Paul, influenced by vs. 54, substitutes νῖκος for δίκη; EEllis, Paul’s Use of the OT, ’57, 140). In κατεπόθη ὁ θάνατος εἰς νῖκος death is swallowed up in (or by) victory vs. 54, νῖκος agrees w. the improvement which Theod. made in the LXX wording of Is 25:8 (s. ARahlfs, ZNW 20, 1921, 183f; JZiegler, Is. ’39 ad loc.). Vss. 54 and 55 have the v.l. νεῖκος, q.v. διδόναι τινὶ τὸ ν. give someone the victory vs. 57 (cp. 1 Esdr 3:9; 2 Macc 10:38; Jos., Ant. 6, 145). ἕως ἂν ἐκβάλῃ εἰς ν. τὴν κρίσιν until he leads justice to victory Mt 12:20 (cp. 2 Km 2:26 and variants in Field, Hexapla and the Cambridge LXX; s. κρίσις, end).② the prize of victory, abstr. for concr. (4 Macc 17, 12 τὸ νῖκος ἀφθαρσία) παραδοὺς αὐτῇ τὸ ν. ὸ̔ ἔλαβες give over to it the prize of victory you have won Hm 12, 2, 5 (perh. a phrase like νῖκος λαβών is to be supplied earlier in the sentence).—DELG s.v. νίκη. M-M. TW. -
3 νικητήριος
νικ-ητήριος, ον,A belonging to a conqueror or to victory, δόξα ν. the glory of victory, Antiph.263; ν. φίλημα a kiss as the conqueror's reward, X.Smp.6.1;ἆθλα ν. Pl.Lg. 832e
.II as Subst. νικητήριον (sc. ἆθλον), τό, prize of victory,Ζεῦ, σὸν τὸ ν. Ar. Eq. 1253
;τὸν βοῦν ἔλαβε τὸ ν. X.Cyr.8.3.33
, cf. HG6.2.28;ν. ἁμίλλης Inscr.Délos464.10
(ii B.C.): mostly in pl., ;ν. λαβών E.Alc. 1028
; τὰ ν. οἴσεσθαι, φέρεσθαι, κομίζεσθαι, to win the prize, Pl.Euthd. 305d, Phdr. 245b, R. 612d;τὰ ν. τοῦ κιθαρῳδοῦ IG22.1388.37
.2 νικητήρια (sc. ἱερά), τά, festival of victory, ν. ἑστιᾶν to celebrate this festival by a banquet, X.Cyr.8.4.1, Plu.Phoc.20;ποιεῖν D.C.67.9
.3 also in pl., decisive proof, Hp. Septim.4.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > νικητήριος
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4 विजय
vi-jayám. contest for victory, victory, conquest, triumph, superiority RV. etc. etc. (fig. applied to « the sword» andﾠ to « punishment» MBh. XII, 6204; 4428);
the prize of victory, booty KātyṠr. ;
N. of a partic. hour of the day (esp. the 17th, andﾠ the hour of Kṛishṇa's birth accord. toﾠ some the 11th Muhūrta) MBh. Hariv. etc.;
the third month L. ;
the 27th ( orﾠ first) year of Jupiter's cycle VarBṛS. ;
a kind of military array Kām. ;
a province, district HPariṡ. ;
(in music) a kind of flute Saṃgīt. ;
a kind of measure ib. ;
a kind of composition ib. ;
a divine car, chariot of the gods (?) L. ;
N. of Yama L. ;
of a son of Jayanta (son of Indra) Hariv. ;
of a son of Vasu-deva ib. ;
of a son of Kṛishṇa BhP. ;
of an attendant of Vishṇu ib. ;
of an attendant of Padmapāṇi W. ;
of a son of Sva-rocis MārkP. ;
of a Muni Hariv. ;
of a prince MBh. ;
of a son of Dhṛitarāshṭra (?) ib. ;
of a warrior on the side of the Pāṇḍavas ib. ;
of one of the eight councillors of Daṡaratha R. ;
of Arjuna MBh. BhP. ;
of a son of Jaya Hariv. Pur. ;
of a son of Cañcu orﾠ Cuñcu ib. ;
of a son of Saṃjaya VP. ;
of a son of Su-deva BhP. ;
of a son of Purūravas ib. ;
of a son ( orﾠ grandson) of Bṛihan-manas Hariv. Pur. ;
of a son of Yajña-ṡrī Pur. ;
of the founder of Buddhist civilisation in Ceylon MW. ;
(with Jainas) N. of one of the 9 white Balas andﾠ of one of the 5 Anuttaras;
of the 20th Arhat of the future andﾠ of the father of the 21st Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī;
of the attendant of the 8th Arhat of the same;
of a son of Kalki KalkiP. ;
of a son of Kalpa KālP. ;
of a hare Kathās. ;
of the lance of Rudra (personified) MBh. ;
(pl.) of a people MBh. ;
(ā) f. N. of various plants (accord. toﾠ L. Terminalia Chebula;
Sesbania Aegyptiaca;
Vitex Negundo;
Rubia Munjista;
Premna Spinosa;
a kind of hemp;
a kind of ṡamī;
= vacā) VarBṛS. Suṡr. etc.;
of a partic. Tithi orﾠ lunar day (the 12th day in the light half of Ṡrāvaṇa i.e. Kṛishṇa's birthday, the 10th in that of Āṡvina, being a festival in honour of Durgā, andﾠ the 7th in that of Bhādrapada, if it falls on a Sunday;
alsoﾠ the 7th night in the Karma-māsa) VarBṛS. BhP. etc.;
of a partic. magical formula Bhaṭṭ. ;
N. of Durgā MBh. Hariv. ;
of a female friend of Durgā Mudr. ;
of the wife of Yama L. ;
of another goddess Cat. ;
of a Yoginī Hcat. ;
of a Surâṇganā Siṇhâs. ;
of the mother of the 2nd Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī L. ;
of a daughter of Daksha R. ;
of the mother of various Su-hotras MBh. ;
of Kṛishṇa's garland MBh. ;
of a Kumārī (i.e. small flag-staff) on Indra's banner VarBṛS. ;
of a partic. spear R. ;
n. the poisonous root of the plant Vijayā Suṡr. ;
a royal tent Vāstuv. ;
a kind of pavilion ib. ;
N. of a sacred district in Kaṡmīra Kathās. (cf. - kshetra);
mfn. leading to victory, proclaiming victory MBh. ;
victorious, triumphant L.
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5 ἐπινίκιος
ἐπινίκ-ιος, ον,A of victory,ἀοιδαί Pi.N.4.78
;ὕμνος D.S.5.29
; ἀγῶνες ἐ. games to celebrate victory, Plb.30.22.1, cf. IGRom.4.1268 ([place name] Thyatira); ἐ. πομπή, ἑορτή, D.H.3.41, Plu.Rom.29; ἐ. τιμαί the honours of a triumph, Id.Aem.31;ἡμέρα Id.Cor.3
;στολή D.C.37.21
. Adv.- ίως Hsch.
s.v. ἀλαλάζει.II. as Subst., ἐπινίκιον (sc.ᾆσμα, μέλος), τό, song of victory, triumphal ode, such as Pindar's, cf. Ath.1.3e;Ζῆνα.. ἐπινίκια κλάζων A.Ag. 174
(lyr.).2. ἐπινίκια (sc. ἱερά), τά, sacrifice for a victory or feast in honour of it, Ar.Fr. 433, And.4.29, D.21.55, etc.;τὰ ἐ. θύειν Pl.Smp. 173a
, etc.;ἑστιᾶν D.59.33
; ἐ. πέμψαι, πεμφθῆναι, of a Roman triumph, D.C.36.25,37.21.b. (sc. ἆθλα) prize of victory, S.El. 692, D.H.3.27, IG7.3195,3196 (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπινίκιος
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6 nīcētērium
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7 νῖκος
-ους + τό N 3 0-1-0-0-3=4 2 Sm 2,26; 1 Ezr 3,9; 2 Mc 10,38; 4 Mc 17,12late form for νίκη; victory 1 Ezr 3,9; prize of victory 4 Mc 17,12εἰς νῖκος until (final) victory is won or to the end, for ever 2 Sm 2,26see νεῖκοςCf. CAIRD 1969=1972 136; DRIVER, S. 1913, 128-129; GRINDEL 1969, 499-513; HARL 1984a=1992a 38;KRAFT 1972d, 153-156; SHIPP 1979, 403; WALTERS 1973 32.34-36.160.182.282; →LSJ RSuppl; NIDNTT; TWNT -
8 palkintojenjako
yks.nom. palkintojenjako; yks.gen. palkintojenjaon; yks.part. palkintojenjakoa; yks.ill. palkintojenjakoon; mon.gen. palkintojenjakojen; mon.part. palkintojenjakoja; mon.ill. palkintojenjakoihinvictory ceremony (noun)* * *• prize-giving• victory ceremony• distribution of prizes• giving of prizes -
9 corono
cŏrōno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [corona], to furnish with a garland or crown, to crown, wreathe (class., esp. freq. in the poets).I.Lit., aliquid or aliquem:B.templa,
Ov. M. 8, 264; cf.:postes lauro,
Quint. 8, 6, 32:aras,
Prop. 3 (4), 10, 19:deos fragili myrto,
Hor. C. 3, 23, 15:puppim,
Ov. F. 4, 335:cratera,
Verg. G. 2, 528 (cf.:magnum cratera coronā Induit,
id. A. 3, 525); so,crateras magnos statuunt et vina coronant,
id. A. 1, 724; 7, 147 Forbig. ad loc. (cf. Nitsch. ad Hom. Od. 1, 419; Buttman, Lexil. 2, p. 100; others, less correctly, render, fill to the brim, comparing kratêras epestepsanto potoio, Hom. Il. 1, 470):epulae quas inibant propinqui coronati,
Cic. Leg. 2, 25, 63.— Mid.:hederā coronantur Bacchico ritu,
Macr. S. 1, 18, 2. —In the Gr. constr.:coronatus malobathro Syrio capillos,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 7:eodem anno (459 A. U. C.) coronati primum ob res bello bene gestas ludos Romanos spectaverunt,
Liv. 10, 47, 3; cf.of the crowning of victors (soldiers, poets, pugilists, etc.),
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 64; Quint. 10, 1, 66; 11, 2, 11; Plin. 15, 4, 5, § 19 al.;so also comoediam de sententiā judicum,
to award the prize to it, Suet. Claud. 11.—Unusual constr.:tunc de oratoribus coronatus,
i. e. crowned as victor in the contest with the orators, Suet. Dom. 13 (cf.:triumphare de aliquo, s. v. triumpho, I. A.).—And in the Gr. manner: quis... Magna coronari contemnat Olympia?
to be crowned in the Olympic games, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 50.—To the crowning of captives for sale (cf. corona, I. B.) reference is made in the passage: ut coronatus veniat, Cato ap. Gell. 6 (7), 4, 5.—Trop., to receive as the prize of victory:II.nomine novo coronari,
Plin. 22, 5, 5, § 10.—Meton., to surround, encompass, enclose something in a circular form, to wreathe:cervices collumque,
Lucr. 2, 802:Silva coronat aquas cingens latus omne,
Ov. M. 5, 388; so id. ib. 9, 335:castra suggesta humo (previously praecingit),
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 8; cf.:omnem abitum custode,
Verg. A. 9, 380; and:nemus densā statione,
Stat. Th. 2, 526:solem itineribus (stellarum),
Vitr. 9, 4. -
10 νίκημα
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11 løbe
41) бе́гать2) течь, протека́тьtíden løber — вре́мя бежи́т
løbe fra — убега́ть (от ответственности и т. п.)
løbe fra sit ord — не сдержа́ть своего́ сло́ва
løbe igénnem — пробежа́ть (глаза́ми), провести́ ( расчёской)
løbe óver — перебежа́ть
* * *charge, flow, ladder, race, run* * *I. (en -r)( osteløbe) rennet;( drøvtyggermave) abomasum.II. vb (løb, løbet) run,( om vand også) flow;( om kondiløb) jog;( om vej) run;( om skibs fart) do ( fx she can do 20 knots);( være i kraft) run ( fx the contract runs to March 31);( være brunstig) be in heat;[ lade ham løbe] let him go;[ lade munden løbe] jabber away;[ tønden løber] the barrel leaks;[ løbe fuld af vand] fill with water,(mar også) be swamped;[ løbe varm]( om maskindel) get hot, run hot;[ løbe sig varm] run to get warm, run until you get warm;[ med præp & adv:][ løbe af] run off;(se også spor);[ løbe af med] run away with ( fx his feelings (, imagination, temper) ran away with him),( vinde) carry off ( fx a girl, the prize, the victory);( også) he was carried away by his feelings;(se også god(e hjerte));[ løbe an] tarnish;[ løbe an på]( stole på) bank on,( tage chancen) gamble on;[ løbe bort med] run away (el. off) with,( elsker også) elope with;[ løbe fra ansvaret] shirk the responsibility;[ det kan du ikke løbe fra] you can't get away from that;[ løbe fra et løfte] go back (, mere neds: welsh) on a promise;[ løbe fra sit ord] go back on one's word;(dvs han er gammeldags) he is (hopelessly) behind the times;[ tiden var løbet fra mig] I did not notice how late it was; I had lost count of the time;[ løbe igennem] run through ( fx the main points);[ løbe avisen igennem] glance through the paper;[ løbe ind i](om havn etc) put into, run into, enter ( fx the harbour),(fig: møde) run into, come up against ( fx difficulties);( udsprede) spread ( fx rumours);(se også II. rende (med) & limstang, (halv) vind);[ give ham en historie at løbe med] fob him off with a story;[ det løb mig koldt ned ad ryggen] it sent a shiver down my spine;[ løbe om] run about, run around;(se også hjørne, II. kap);[ løbe op]( om syning) come undone,( indhente) overtake;[ det løber op]( om beløb) it mounts up;[ løbe over gaden] run across the street;(se også I. bred, I. ende);[ munden løb over på ham] his tongue ran away with him; he blurted the secret (etc) out;[ løbe over til fjenden] go over to the enemy;T rat;[ løbe på]( støde imod) run against, run into,( tilfældigt træffe) run into, come across;[ have noget at løbe på] have a margin;[ så har vi 10 minutter at løbe på] that leaves us 10 minutes;[ løbe rundt], se rundt;[ løbe sammen]( om mælk) curdle;F converge;( stimle sammen) collect;( om farver) run together;(dvs hurtigere) spurt;[ folk kom løbende ` til] people came running up;[ det er ikke sådan at løbe til] it takes some doing;[ løbe ud]( om ur) run down,( blandes) run together;(se også udløbe);[ løbe ud i] run into,(fig) end in;( om vandløb) run (el. flow) into ( fx the river runs (el. flows) into the sea);(se også I. sand, I. spids);[ løbe væk] run away, run off;(se også ovf: løbe bort). -
12 νικήματα
νῑκήματα, νίκημαprize of victory: neut nom /voc /acc pl -
13 νικήματι
νῑκήματι, νίκημαprize of victory: neut dat sg -
14 νικήματος
νῑκήματος, νίκημαprize of victory: neut gen sg -
15 νίκημα
νί̱κημα, νίκημαprize of victory: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
16 sigr-mál
n. the prize of victory, Eg. 495. -
17 sigrmál
n. prize of victory. -
18 ottenere
get, obtain* * *ottenere v.tr.1 to obtain, to get*; to gain: ottenni il suo consenso, I obtained his consent; come hai ottenuto quel denaro?, how did you get (o come by) that money?; come puoi ottenerlo?, how can you get hold of it?; non insistere, non otterrai niente da lui, don't insist, you won't get anything out of him; non potei ottenere di vederlo, I couldn't get permission to see him; ottiene sempre ciò che vuole, she always gets what she wants; ottenere un buon risultato, to get (o to achieve o to obtain) a good result; ha ottenuto il massimo dei voti, he got top marks; ottenere delle informazioni, to get information; ottenere un favore, una risposta, un permesso, to get (o to obtain) a favour, an answer, permission; ottenere un premio, una vittoria, la fiducia di qlcu., to win a prize, a victory, s.o.'s trust // (econ.): ottenere un appalto, to secure a contract; ottenere un contratto, to win a contract; ottenere un impiego, to get a position // (comm.): ottenere uno sconto, to get a discount; ottenere un prestito, to obtain a loan; ottenere una dilazione di pagamento, to be granted an extension of payment; ottenere un guadagno ( nelle vendite), to realize a profit (in sales)2 ( ricavare) to extract, to obtain, to derive: l'alcol si può ottenere dal carbone, alcohol can be obtained from coal.* * *[otte'nere]verbo transitivo1) (riuscire ad avere) to get*, to obtain [informazioni, permesso]; to obtain, to win* [ premio]; to get* [ lavoro]; to achieve, to reach [accordo, consenso]; to arrive at, to get* [totale, somma]; (conseguire) to get*, to obtain [ diploma]; to get*, to obtain, to achieve [ risultato]2) (ricavare) to obtain, to extract••Note:Le varie accezioni del verbo ottenere vengono rese in inglese da equivalenti diversi, come risulta dagli esempi sotto elencati; va anche tenuto presente, tuttavia, che to obtain è d'uso formale e risulta spesso innaturale nella lingua parlata o nello scritto informale, dove si preferisce to get, che a sua volta non si dovrebbe usare nello scritto formale* * *ottenere/otte'nere/ [93]Le varie accezioni del verbo ottenere vengono rese in inglese da equivalenti diversi, come risulta dagli esempi sotto elencati; va anche tenuto presente, tuttavia, che to obtain è d'uso formale e risulta spesso innaturale nella lingua parlata o nello scritto informale, dove si preferisce to get, che a sua volta non si dovrebbe usare nello scritto formale.1 (riuscire ad avere) to get*, to obtain [informazioni, permesso]; to obtain, to win* [ premio]; to get* [ lavoro]; to achieve, to reach [accordo, consenso]; to arrive at, to get* [totale, somma]; (conseguire) to get*, to obtain [ diploma]; to get*, to obtain, to achieve [ risultato]; ottenere grande successo to be a great success; non otterrai granché da lui you won't get much out of him2 (ricavare) to obtain, to extract. -
19 arbiter
arbĭter, tri, m. [ar = ad (v. ad init.) and bito = eo], orig., one that goes to something in order to see or hear it; hence, a spectator, beholder, hearer, an eye-witness, a witness (class. through all periods; used several times by Plaut., but only twice by Ter.; syn.: testis, speculator, conscius).I.In gen.:II.aequi et justi hic eritis omnes arbitri,
Plaut. Am. prol. 16:mi quidem jam arbitri vicini sunt, meae quid fiat domi, Ita per impluvium introspectant,
id. Mil. 2, 2, 3:ne arbitri dicta nostra arbitrari (i. e. speculari, v. arbitror) queant,
id. Capt. 2, 1, 28; so id. ib. 2, 1, 34; id. Cas. 1, 1, 2; 1, 1, 55; id. Mil. 4, 4, 1; id. Merc. 5, 4, 46; id. Poen. 1, 1, 50; 3, 3, 50; id. Trin. 1, 2, 109:aut desine aut cedo quemvis arbitrum,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 43:quis est decisionis arbiter?
Cic. Fl. 36:ab arbitris remoto loco,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 31:remotis arbitris,
after the removal of, id. Off. 3, 31, 112:omnibus arbitris procul amotis,
Sall. C. 20, 1 Corte:arbitros eicit,
Liv. 1, 41:remotis arbitris,
id. 2, 4:sine arbitro,
id. 27, 28:absque arbitris,
Vulg. Gen. 39, 11:loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,
Cic. Att. 15, 16 B; Just. 21, 4:secretorum omnium arbiter, i. e. conscius,
Curt. 3, 12, 9:procul est, ait, arbiter omnis,
Ov. M. 2, 458 (cf. id. ib. 4, 63: conscius omnis abest).—Esp.A.In judic. lang., t. t., prop., he that is appointed to inquire into a cause (cf. adire hiberna, Tac. H. 1, 52, and intervenio) and settle it; hence, an umpire, arbiter, a judge, in an actio bonae fidei (i. e. who decides acc. to equity, while the judex decides acc. to laws), Sen. Ben. 3, 7 (cf. Zimmern, Rechtsgesch. 3 B, § 8; 3 B, § 42; 3 B, § 60 sq., and the jurists there cited).— So in the fragments of the Twelve Tables: JVDICI. ARBITROVE. REOVE. DIES. DIFFISVS. ESTO., ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. reus, p. 227 Müll.: Prae TOR. ARBITROS. TRES. DATO. ap. Fest. s. v. vindiciae, p. 376 Müll., and the ancient judicial formula:B.P. J. A. V. P. V. D., i. e. PRAETOREM JVDICEM ARBITRVMVE POSTVLO VTI DET,
Val. Prob. p. 1539 P.:ibo ad arbitrum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 101; so id. ib. 4, 3, 104:Vicini nostri hic ambigunt de finibus: Me cepere arbitrum,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 90 (arbiter dabatur his, qui de finibus regendis ambigerent, Don.); so,arbiter Nolanis de finibus a senatu datus,
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33.—Of the Hebrew judges:subjacebit damno, quantum arbitri judicaverint,
Vulg. Exod. 21, 22.—Hence, trop.:Taurus immensus ipse et innumerarum gentium arbiter,
that sets boundaries to numerous tribes, Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 97:arbitrum familiae herciscundae postulavit,
Cic. Caecin. 7: arbitrum illum adegit (i. e. ad arbitrum illum egit; cf.adigo),
id. Off. 3, 16, 66:quis in hanc rem fuit arbiter?
id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12.—In the time of Cicero, when, acc. to the Lex Aebutia, the decisions were given in definite formulae of the praetor, the formal distinction between judex and arbiter disappeared, Cic. Mur. 12 fin. —Transf. from the sphere of judicial proceedings, a judge, an arbitrator, umpire, in gen.: arbiter inter antiquam Academiam et Zenonem. Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53:C.Judicet Dominus, arbiter hujus diei, inter etc.,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—So of Paris:arbiter formae,
Ov. H. 16, 69: pugnae, the judge, umpire of the contest, ho brabeutês, Hor. C. 3, 20, 11:favor arbiter coronae,
which adjudged the prize of victory, Mart. 7, 72, 10.—He that rules over, governs, or manages something, a lord, ruler, master (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose; syn.: rex, dominus): arbiter imperii (Augustus), Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 47:armorum (Mars),
id. F. 3, 73:bibendi,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 25 (cf. id. ib. 1, 4, 18: nec regna vini sortiere talis, and in Gr. basileus tou sumposiou):quo (sc. Noto) non arbiter Hadriae Major,
who rules over the sea, id. ib. 1, 3, 15:arbiter Eurystheus irae Junonis iniquae,
i. e. the executor, fulfiller of her wrath, Ov. H. 9, 45 al. —In prose, Tac. A. 1, 26:regni,
id. ib. 13, 14, where Halm reads arbitrium:rerum,
id. ib. 2, 73:di potentium populorum arbitri,
id. ib. 15, 24:(JOVI) RERVM RECTORI FATORVMQVE ARBITRO,
Inscr. Orell. 1269 et saep. -
20 niceterium
nīcētērĭum, ii, n., = nikêtêrion, the prize of victory, Juv. 3, 68.
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